Research in Phonological Theory, including guided instruction in how to undertake critical reading of primary literature, develop an original topic, write a research paper, an abstract, a handout, and give an oral presentation. Not eligible for CR/NCR option.

Current research involving morphology, including the role of morphology in the grammar, the nature of inflectional paradigms, affixes affecting grammatical relations constitute this linguistics course. Each year one topic will be a special focus and will be dealt with at length. (Not offered every year)

Research in Syntactic Theory, including guided instruction in how to undertake critical reading of primary literature, develop an original topic, write a linguistics research paper, an abstract, a handout, and give an oral presentation. Not eligible for CR/NCR option. (Not offered every year)

This course covers current research in formal semantics and pragmatics. Topics may vary from year to year. The course is intended to be a seminar-style course; it includes reading primary literature and writing a research paper.

Ways in which urban sub-cultures differ in their use of language. How speakers dialects reflect their ethnicity, group affiliation, and other social categories. Practice in dialect analysis based on data from the speech community, emphasizing procedures and techniques.

The theory and practice of sociolinguistics. The inter-relationship between language and society from the perspective of collecting, organizing, and analyzing patterns in natural speech data, including field methods and quantitative methods for correlating linguistic and social variables.

A study of language endangerment and language revitalization efforts. The languages of focus will vary from year to year, depending on the instructor. Topics include language classification and a survey of major features of the languages, what it means for a language to be endangered, the factors that contribute to language shift, and efforts to reverse language shift, including discussion of literacy, documentary linguistics and dictionaries.

Linguistic argumentation, practice in constructing and evaluating hypotheses, and critical evaluation of representative articles. Emphasis on the structure of arguments rather than on the analysis of a particular language.

A specific topic in linguistics will be explored in depth in Special Topics in Linguistics. Students will learn about a narrowly-focused area of linguistics, including guided instruction in how to undertake critical reading of primary literature, develop a research topic and write a linguistics research paper. Not eligible for CR/NCR option. (Not offered every year)

A research or reading project in linguistics undertaken by the student under the supervision of a staff member. Open only when a faculty member is willing and available to supervise. Students are required to submit an application to the department by the first day of classes or earlier (preferred). Not eligible for CR/NCR option.

Application found at https://www.linguistics.utoronto.ca/undergraduate/curriculum-course-information/research-opportunities-and-independent-studies.

A research or reading project in linguistics undertaken by the student under the supervision of a staff member. Open only when a faculty member is willing and available to supervise. Students are required to submit an application to the department by the first day of classes or earlier (preferred). Not eligible for CR/NCR option.

Application found at https://www.linguistics.utoronto.ca/undergraduate/curriculum-course-information/research-opportunities-and-independent-studies.

A research or reading project in linguistics undertaken by the student under the supervision of a staff member. Open only when a faculty member is willing and available to supervise. Students are required to submit an application to the department by the first day of classes or earlier (preferred). Not eligible for CR/NCR option.

Application found at https://www.linguistics.utoronto.ca/undergraduate/curriculum-course-information/research-opportunities-and-independent-studies.

A research or reading project in linguistics undertaken by the student under the supervision of a staff member. Open only when a faculty member is willing and available to supervise. Students are required to submit an application to the department by the first day of classes or earlier (preferred). Not eligible for CR/NCR option.

Application found at https://www.linguistics.utoronto.ca/undergraduate/curriculum-course-information/research-opportunities-and-independent-studies.

A research or reading project in linguistics undertaken by the student under the supervision of a staff member. Open only when a faculty member is willing and available to supervise. Students are required to submit an application to the department by the first day of classes or earlier (preferred). Not eligible for CR/NCR option.

Application found at https://www.linguistics.utoronto.ca/undergraduate/curriculum-course-information/research-opportunities-and-independent-studies.

This course builds on concepts in cellular pathobiology to develop an advanced understanding of the function and dynamics of the cell in the context of health and disease. Concepts in cell injury, cell adaptation, migration, cell stress, cell survival, cell death, oxidative stress, endocytosis, ion homeostasis, protein folding, and their implications for disease are covered.

Credit course for supervised participation in faculty research project. Details at https://www.artsci.utoronto.ca/current/academics/research-opportunities…. Not eligible for CR/NCR option.

Credit course for supervised participation in faculty research project. Details at https://www.artsci.utoronto.ca/current/academics/research-opportunities…. Not eligible for CR/NCR option.

Introduces concepts and mechanisms of disease processes as they arise from disturbances of normal biochemical and physiological functions. The rational use of the clinical biochemistry laboratory in the diagnosis and management of disease is explained. Not intended for students in the Pathobiology Specialist program.

This course is designed to introduce third-year students to biomedical research, and to provide them with the analytical skills required to be a successful scientist. Students will have the opportunity to carry out a full-year research project under the supervision of an LMP faculty member (6-8 hours/week in lab). A lecture component will cover laboratory practice, experimental design, basic logic/argument, statistics, data analysis and scientific communication. The fundamentals taught in these lectures will be used to critique and analyze scientific literature. This course is recommended for students with a general interest in research and especially to students who will conduct additional research projects as part of the LMP summer research program and/or the LMP405Y1 fourth-year research project course.

This course covers the major molecular mechanisms that impact human health and disease. Specifically, it is divided into three blocks that focus on the fundamentals of pathobiology in cancer, cardiovascular diseases and infection. It is intended to introduce the cellular and molecular concepts of health and disease that will be explored with more depth in fourth-year LMP courses.

This course introduces stem cells and their impact on human health and disease. Stem cells are studied from the perspective of development and disease, with a focus on the nervous system, respiratory system and cancer. This course is intended to provide a foundation in the basis of stem cells in preparation for fourth-year courses.

Introduces the use and impact of genetic model systems and organisms in exploring aspects of human reproduction, development, aging and disease. Ethical issues in animal research, genetic manipulation, and disease modeling are highlighted. This course also introduces the bioinformatics concepts and methods used in biological data analysis.

Pathological changes brought on by foreign compounds; mechanisms of pathologic, toxic and carcinogenic change.

Credit course for supervised participation in faculty research project. Details at https://www.artsci.utoronto.ca/current/academics/research-opportunities…. Not eligible for CR/NCR option.

Credit course for supervised participation in faculty research project. Details at https://www.artsci.utoronto.ca/current/academics/research-opportunities…. Not eligible for CR/NCR option.

A self-contained research project to be completed under the supervision of a faculty member. The main areas of research are as listed in the Department's section of the Academic Calendar. The student will normally have completed three full years of study, and is expected to devote at least one full day per week to the project. Admission is by arrangement with the Department and with a particular supervisor. A list of potential supervisors is available from the Departmental Office and on our web site. Not eligible for CR/NCR option.

Molecular basis of neurodegenerative diseases of the central and peripheral nervous systems. Emphasis on the molecular pathobiology of neurodegenerative diseases, current research developments and guidance with writing of research proposals. Mid-term and final exams will practice assembly of a succinct research proposal and query neurodegenerative disease material taught in course.

A thematic review of the major scientific areas and research controversies in forensic medicine. The approach is mechanistic analysis and evidence-based medicine. Classical forensic medicine is critically analyzed with emphasis on experimental methods to resolve controversies. We also explore how the justice system utilizes medical and scientific data.

A general introduction to the cellular and molecular aspects of cancer and its etiology. Topics include pathophysiology of cancer, invasion and metastases, role of the immune system, immune evasion, understanding biological targets, chemotherapeutic and immunotherapeutic agents and its mechanism of action, and resistance mechanisms of cancer.

This is an advanced-level course that focuses on the pathobiology of metabolic disorders, whether inherited or acquired. It covers enzymatic pathways and diseases associated with fat/energy metabolism, dyslipidemia, dysglycemia, aminoacidopathies and lysosomal storage disorders.