This course explores the interactions between plants and both pathogenic and beneficial microorganisms at the molecular level. The course consists of two sections: 1. Plant-pathogenic microbe interactions and plant immunity and 2. Plant-beneficial microbe interactions and plant microbiome. The first section focuses on an in-depth discussion about on-going research of plant immunity against pathogenic microbes. The second section introduces the interaction of plant-beneficial microorganisms and their biotechnological usage for agriculture and food production.