This course provides an introduction to the core concepts of genetics and microbiology, with a strong emphasis on research strengths within the Department of Molecular Genetics. Students will explore foundational principles alongside topical molecular biology challenges and cutting-edge approaches, illustrated through examples drawn from world-class genetics and microbiology labs from across Toronto's vibrant scientific community. Historical case studies are used throughout to ground modern discoveries in their broader scientific context. Topics include fundamental genetic mechanisms; cancer and stem cell biology; the genetic regulation of aging; essential microbiological principles; emerging and recurring microbial threats; and key tools and strategies in genetic engineering.