Theory and operation of current analytical techniques applicable to geological and environmental analysis. In each lab, students receive instruction from an experienced analyst and acquire hands-on experience using state-of-the-art analytical equipment. Techniques covered include X-ray Fluorescence, X-ray Diffraction, Electron Probe Microanalysis, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Ion Chromatography, Atomic Absorption spectrometry, Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry, and Raman spectroscopy.