This course offers an interdisciplinary treatment of the Chinese people’s protracted struggle to transform the world's oldest empire and to create a revolutionary society, with a special focus on the myriad revolutions, uprisings, and protests that had radically remade the country’s social fabric in the tumultuous twentieth century. First-person accounts, classic and revisionist scholarly works, and literary and visual materials will be used to examine China’s multifaceted transformations both chronologically and thematically, in their socioeconomic, cultural, political, and global contexts.